Index
1 Market Overview
 1.1 Xanthan Gum Product Scope
 1.2 Xanthan Gum by Type
 1.2.1 Global Xanthan Gum Sales by Type (2020 & 2024 & 2031)
 1.2.2 Food Grade
 1.2.3 Petroleum Grade
 1.2.4 Pharmaceutical Grade
 1.2.5 Cosmetic Grade
 1.2.6 Industrial Grade
 1.3 Xanthan Gum by Application
 1.3.1 Global Xanthan Gum Sales Comparison by Application (2020 & 2024 & 2031)
 1.3.2 Food and Beverage
 1.3.3 Petroleum
 1.3.4 Pharmaceutical
 1.3.5 Cosmetics
 1.3.6 Others
 1.4 Global Xanthan Gum Market Estimates and Forecasts (2020-2031)
 1.4.1 Global Xanthan Gum Market Size in Value Growth Rate (2020-2031)
 1.4.2 Global Xanthan Gum Market Size in Volume Growth Rate (2020-2031)
 1.4.3 Global Xanthan Gum Price Trends (2020-2031)
 1.5 Assumptions and Limitations
2 Market Size and Prospective by Region
 2.1 Global Xanthan Gum Market Size by Region: 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
 2.2 Global Xanthan Gum Retrospective Market Scenario by Region (2020-2025)
 2.2.1 Global Xanthan Gum Sales Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
 2.2.2 Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
 2.3 Global Xanthan Gum Market Estimates and Forecasts by Region (2026-2031)
 2.3.1 Global Xanthan Gum Sales Estimates and Forecasts by Region (2026-2031)
 2.3.2 Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
 2.4 Major Region and Emerging Market Analysis
 2.4.1 North America Xanthan Gum Market Size and Prospective (2020-2031)
 2.4.2 Europe Xanthan Gum Market Size and Prospective (2020-2031)
 2.4.3 China Xanthan Gum Market Size and Prospective (2020-2031)
3 Global Market Size by Type
 3.1 Global Xanthan Gum Historic Market Review by Type (2020-2025)
 3.1.1 Global Xanthan Gum Sales by Type (2020-2025)
 3.1.2 Global Xanthan Gum Revenue by Type (2020-2025)
 3.1.3 Global Xanthan Gum Price by Type (2020-2025)
 3.2 Global Xanthan Gum Market Estimates and Forecasts by Type (2026-2031)
 3.2.1 Global Xanthan Gum Sales Forecast by Type (2026-2031)
 3.2.2 Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Forecast by Type (2026-2031)
 3.2.3 Global Xanthan Gum Price Forecast by Type (2026-2031)
 3.3 Different Types Xanthan Gum Representative Players
4 Global Market Size by Application
 4.1 Global Xanthan Gum Historic Market Review by Application (2020-2025)
 4.1.1 Global Xanthan Gum Sales by Application (2020-2025)
 4.1.2 Global Xanthan Gum Revenue by Application (2020-2025)
 4.1.3 Global Xanthan Gum Price by Application (2020-2025)
 4.2 Global Xanthan Gum Market Estimates and Forecasts by Application (2026-2031)
 4.2.1 Global Xanthan Gum Sales Forecast by Application (2026-2031)
 4.2.2 Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Forecast by Application (2026-2031)
 4.2.3 Global Xanthan Gum Price Forecast by Application (2026-2031)
 4.3 New Sources of Growth in Xanthan Gum Application
5 Competition Landscape by Players
 5.1 Global Xanthan Gum Sales by Players (2020-2025)
 5.2 Global Top Xanthan Gum Players by Revenue (2020-2025)
 5.3 Global Xanthan Gum Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Xanthan Gum as of 2024)
 5.4 Global Xanthan Gum Average Price by Company (2020-2025)
 5.5 Global Key Manufacturers of Xanthan Gum, Manufacturing Sites & Headquarters
 5.6 Global Key Manufacturers of Xanthan Gum, Product Type & Application
 5.7 Global Key Manufacturers of Xanthan Gum, Date of Enter into This Industry
 5.8 Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
6 Region Analysis
 6.1 North America Market: Players, Segments, Downstream and Major Customers
 6.1.1 North America Xanthan Gum Sales by Company
 6.1.1.1 North America Xanthan Gum Sales by Company (2020-2025)
 6.1.1.2 North America Xanthan Gum Revenue by Company (2020-2025)
 6.1.2 North America Xanthan Gum Sales Breakdown by Type (2020-2025)
 6.1.3 North America Xanthan Gum Sales Breakdown by Application (2020-2025)
 6.1.4 North America Xanthan Gum Major Customer
 6.1.5 North America Market Trend and Opportunities
 6.2 Europe Market: Players, Segments, Downstream and Major Customers
 6.2.1 Europe Xanthan Gum Sales by Company
 6.2.1.1 Europe Xanthan Gum Sales by Company (2020-2025)
 6.2.1.2 Europe Xanthan Gum Revenue by Company (2020-2025)
 6.2.2 Europe Xanthan Gum Sales Breakdown by Type (2020-2025)
 6.2.3 Europe Xanthan Gum Sales Breakdown by Application (2020-2025)
 6.2.4 Europe Xanthan Gum Major Customer
 6.2.5 Europe Market Trend and Opportunities
 6.3 China Market: Players, Segments, Downstream and Major Customers
 6.3.1 China Xanthan Gum Sales by Company
 6.3.1.1 China Xanthan Gum Sales by Company (2020-2025)
 6.3.1.2 China Xanthan Gum Revenue by Company (2020-2025)
 6.3.2 China Xanthan Gum Sales Breakdown by Type (2020-2025)
 6.3.3 China Xanthan Gum Sales Breakdown by Application (2020-2025)
 6.3.4 China Xanthan Gum Major Customer
 6.3.5 China Market Trend and Opportunities
7 Company Profiles and Key Figures
 7.1 Fufeng Group
 7.1.1 Fufeng Group Company Information
 7.1.2 Fufeng Group Business Overview
 7.1.3 Fufeng Group Xanthan Gum Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 7.1.4 Fufeng Group Xanthan Gum Products Offered
 7.1.5 Fufeng Group Recent Development
 7.2 Meihua Group
 7.2.1 Meihua Group Company Information
 7.2.2 Meihua Group Business Overview
 7.2.3 Meihua Group Xanthan Gum Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 7.2.4 Meihua Group Xanthan Gum Products Offered
 7.2.5 Meihua Group Recent Development
 7.3 CP Kelco
 7.3.1 CP Kelco Company Information
 7.3.2 CP Kelco Business Overview
 7.3.3 CP Kelco Xanthan Gum Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 7.3.4 CP Kelco Xanthan Gum Products Offered
 7.3.5 CP Kelco Recent Development
 7.4 Deosen Biochemical
 7.4.1 Deosen Biochemical Company Information
 7.4.2 Deosen Biochemical Business Overview
 7.4.3 Deosen Biochemical Xanthan Gum Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 7.4.4 Deosen Biochemical Xanthan Gum Products Offered
 7.4.5 Deosen Biochemical Recent Development
 7.5 Jianlong Biotechnology
 7.5.1 Jianlong Biotechnology Company Information
 7.5.2 Jianlong Biotechnology Business Overview
 7.5.3 Jianlong Biotechnology Xanthan Gum Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 7.5.4 Jianlong Biotechnology Xanthan Gum Products Offered
 7.5.5 Jianlong Biotechnology Recent Development
 7.6 Jungbunzlauer
 7.6.1 Jungbunzlauer Company Information
 7.6.2 Jungbunzlauer Business Overview
 7.6.3 Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 7.6.4 Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum Products Offered
 7.6.5 Jungbunzlauer Recent Development
 7.7 ADM
 7.7.1 ADM Company Information
 7.7.2 ADM Business Overview
 7.7.3 ADM Xanthan Gum Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 7.7.4 ADM Xanthan Gum Products Offered
 7.7.5 ADM Recent Development
 7.8 Cargill
 7.8.1 Cargill Company Information
 7.8.2 Cargill Business Overview
 7.8.3 Cargill Xanthan Gum Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 7.8.4 Cargill Xanthan Gum Products Offered
 7.8.5 Cargill Recent Development
 7.9 IFF
 7.9.1 IFF Company Information
 7.9.2 IFF Business Overview
 7.9.3 IFF Xanthan Gum Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 7.9.4 IFF Xanthan Gum Products Offered
 7.9.5 IFF Recent Development
 7.10 Hebei Xinhe Biochemical
 7.10.1 Hebei Xinhe Biochemical Company Information
 7.10.2 Hebei Xinhe Biochemical Business Overview
 7.10.3 Hebei Xinhe Biochemical Xanthan Gum Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 7.10.4 Hebei Xinhe Biochemical Xanthan Gum Products Offered
 7.10.5 Hebei Xinhe Biochemical Recent Development
 7.11 Vanderbilt Minerals
 7.11.1 Vanderbilt Minerals Company Information
 7.11.2 Vanderbilt Minerals Business Overview
 7.11.3 Vanderbilt Minerals Xanthan Gum Sales, Revenue and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 7.11.4 Vanderbilt Minerals Xanthan Gum Products Offered
 7.11.5 Vanderbilt Minerals Recent Development
8 Xanthan Gum Manufacturing Cost Analysis
 8.1 Xanthan Gum Key Raw Materials Analysis
 8.1.1 Key Raw Materials
 8.1.2 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
 8.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
 8.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Xanthan Gum
 8.4 Xanthan Gum Industrial Chain Analysis
9 Marketing Channel, Distributors and Customers
 9.1 Marketing Channel
 9.2 Xanthan Gum Distributors List
 9.3 Xanthan Gum Customers
10 Xanthan Gum Market Dynamics
 10.1 Xanthan Gum Industry Trends
 10.2 Xanthan Gum Market Drivers
 10.3 Xanthan Gum Market Challenges
 10.4 Xanthan Gum Market Restraints
11 Research Findings and Conclusion
12 Appendix
 12.1 Research Methodology
 12.1.1 Methodology/Research Approach
 12.1.1.1 Research Programs/Design
 12.1.1.2 Market Size Estimation
 12.1.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
 12.1.2 Data Source
 12.1.2.1 Secondary Sources
 12.1.2.2 Primary Sources
 12.2 Author Details
 12.3 Disclaimer
List of Tables
List of Tables
 Table 1. Global Xanthan Gum Sales (US$ Million) Growth Rate by Type (2020 & 2024 & 2031)
 Table 2. Global Xanthan Gum Sales (US$ Million) Comparison by Application (2020 & 2024 & 2031)
 Table 3. Global Market Xanthan Gum Market Size (US$ Million) by Region:2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
 Table 4. Global Xanthan Gum Sales (MT) by Region (2020-2025)
 Table 5. Global Xanthan Gum Sales Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
 Table 6. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue (US$ Million) Market Share by Region (2020-2025)
 Table 7. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Share by Region (2020-2025)
 Table 8. Global Xanthan Gum Sales (MT) Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
 Table 9. Global Xanthan Gum Sales Market Share Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
 Table 10. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue (US$ Million) Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
 Table 11. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Share Forecast by Region (2026-2031)
 Table 12. Global Xanthan Gum Sales by Type (MT) & (2020-2025)
 Table 13. Global Xanthan Gum Sales Share by Type (2020-2025)
 Table 14. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue by Type (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
 Table 15. Global Xanthan Gum Price by Type (USD/MT) & (2020-2025)
 Table 16. Global Xanthan Gum Sales by Type (MT) & (2026-2031)
 Table 17. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue by Type (US$ Million) & (2026-2031)
 Table 18. Global Xanthan Gum Price by Type (USD/MT) & (2026-2031)
 Table 19. Representative Players of Each Type
 Table 20. Global Xanthan Gum Sales by Application (MT) & (2020-2025)
 Table 21. Global Xanthan Gum Sales Share by Application (2020-2025)
 Table 22. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue by Application (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
 Table 23. Global Xanthan Gum Price by Application (USD/MT) & (2020-2025)
 Table 24. Global Xanthan Gum Sales by Application (MT) & (2026-2031)
 Table 25. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Market Share by Application (US$ Million) & (2026-2031)
 Table 26. Global Xanthan Gum Price by Application (USD/MT) & (2026-2031)
 Table 27. New Sources of Growth in Xanthan Gum Application
 Table 28. Global Xanthan Gum Sales by Company (MT) & (2020-2025)
 Table 29. Global Xanthan Gum Sales Share by Company (2020-2025)
 Table 30. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue by Company (US$ Million) & (2020-2025)
 Table 31. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Share by Company (2020-2025)
 Table 32. Global Xanthan Gum by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Xanthan Gum as of 2024)
 Table 33. Global Market Xanthan Gum Average Price by Company (USD/MT) & (2020-2025)
 Table 34. Global Key Manufacturers of Xanthan Gum, Manufacturing Sites & Headquarters
 Table 35. Global Key Manufacturers of Xanthan Gum, Product Type & Application
 Table 36. Global Key Manufacturers of Xanthan Gum, Date of Enter into This Industry
 Table 37. Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
 Table 38. North America Xanthan Gum Sales by Company (2020-2025) & (MT)
 Table 39. North America Xanthan Gum Sales Market Share by Company (2020-2025)
 Table 40. North America Xanthan Gum Revenue by Company (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
 Table 41. North America Xanthan Gum Revenue Market Share by Company (2020-2025)
 Table 42. North America Xanthan Gum Sales by Type (2020-2025) & (MT)
 Table 43. North America Xanthan Gum Sales Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
 Table 44. North America Xanthan Gum Sales by Application (2020-2025) & (MT)
 Table 45. North America Xanthan Gum Sales Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
 Table 46. Europe Xanthan Gum Sales by Company (2020-2025) & (MT)
 Table 47. Europe Xanthan Gum Sales Market Share by Company (2020-2025)
 Table 48. Europe Xanthan Gum Revenue by Company (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
 Table 49. Europe Xanthan Gum Revenue Market Share by Company (2020-2025)
 Table 50. Europe Xanthan Gum Sales by Type (2020-2025) & (MT)
 Table 51. Europe Xanthan Gum Sales Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
 Table 52. Europe Xanthan Gum Sales by Application (2020-2025) & (MT)
 Table 53. Europe Xanthan Gum Sales Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
 Table 54. China Xanthan Gum Sales by Company (2020-2025) & (MT)
 Table 55. China Xanthan Gum Sales Market Share by Company (2020-2025)
 Table 56. China Xanthan Gum Revenue by Company (2020-2025) & (US$ Million)
 Table 57. China Xanthan Gum Revenue Market Share by Company (2020-2025)
 Table 58. China Xanthan Gum Sales by Type (2020-2025) & (MT)
 Table 59. China Xanthan Gum Sales Market Share by Type (2020-2025)
 Table 60. China Xanthan Gum Sales by Application (2020-2025) & (MT)
 Table 61. China Xanthan Gum Sales Market Share by Application (2020-2025)
 Table 62. Fufeng Group Company Information
 Table 63. Fufeng Group Description and Business Overview
 Table 64. Fufeng Group Xanthan Gum Sales (MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 Table 65. Fufeng Group Xanthan Gum Product
 Table 66. Fufeng Group Recent Development
 Table 67. Meihua Group Company Information
 Table 68. Meihua Group Description and Business Overview
 Table 69. Meihua Group Xanthan Gum Sales (MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 Table 70. Meihua Group Xanthan Gum Product
 Table 71. Meihua Group Recent Development
 Table 72. CP Kelco Company Information
 Table 73. CP Kelco Description and Business Overview
 Table 74. CP Kelco Xanthan Gum Sales (MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 Table 75. CP Kelco Xanthan Gum Product
 Table 76. CP Kelco Recent Development
 Table 77. Deosen Biochemical Company Information
 Table 78. Deosen Biochemical Description and Business Overview
 Table 79. Deosen Biochemical Xanthan Gum Sales (MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 Table 80. Deosen Biochemical Xanthan Gum Product
 Table 81. Deosen Biochemical Recent Development
 Table 82. Jianlong Biotechnology Company Information
 Table 83. Jianlong Biotechnology Description and Business Overview
 Table 84. Jianlong Biotechnology Xanthan Gum Sales (MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 Table 85. Jianlong Biotechnology Xanthan Gum Product
 Table 86. Jianlong Biotechnology Recent Development
 Table 87. Jungbunzlauer Company Information
 Table 88. Jungbunzlauer Description and Business Overview
 Table 89. Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum Sales (MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 Table 90. Jungbunzlauer Xanthan Gum Product
 Table 91. Jungbunzlauer Recent Development
 Table 92. ADM Company Information
 Table 93. ADM Description and Business Overview
 Table 94. ADM Xanthan Gum Sales (MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 Table 95. ADM Xanthan Gum Product
 Table 96. ADM Recent Development
 Table 97. Cargill Company Information
 Table 98. Cargill Description and Business Overview
 Table 99. Cargill Xanthan Gum Sales (MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 Table 100. Cargill Xanthan Gum Product
 Table 101. Cargill Recent Development
 Table 102. IFF Company Information
 Table 103. IFF Description and Business Overview
 Table 104. IFF Xanthan Gum Sales (MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 Table 105. IFF Xanthan Gum Product
 Table 106. IFF Recent Development
 Table 107. Hebei Xinhe Biochemical Company Information
 Table 108. Hebei Xinhe Biochemical Description and Business Overview
 Table 109. Hebei Xinhe Biochemical Xanthan Gum Sales (MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 Table 110. Hebei Xinhe Biochemical Xanthan Gum Product
 Table 111. Hebei Xinhe Biochemical Recent Development
 Table 112. Vanderbilt Minerals Company Information
 Table 113. Vanderbilt Minerals Description and Business Overview
 Table 114. Vanderbilt Minerals Xanthan Gum Sales (MT), Revenue (US$ Million), Price (USD/MT) and Gross Margin (2020-2025)
 Table 115. Vanderbilt Minerals Xanthan Gum Product
 Table 116. Vanderbilt Minerals Recent Development
 Table 117. Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
 Table 118. Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
 Table 119. Xanthan Gum Distributors List
 Table 120. Xanthan Gum Customers List
 Table 121. Xanthan Gum Market Trends
 Table 122. Xanthan Gum Market Drivers
 Table 123. Xanthan Gum Market Challenges
 Table 124. Xanthan Gum Market Restraints
 Table 125. Research Programs/Design for This Report
 Table 126. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
 Table 127. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
 Figure 1. Xanthan Gum Product Picture
 Figure 2. Global Xanthan Gum Sales (US$ Million) by Type (2020 & 2024 & 2031)
 Figure 3. Global Xanthan Gum Sales Market Share by Type in 2024 & 2031
 Figure 4. Food Grade Product Picture
 Figure 5. Petroleum Grade Product Picture
 Figure 6. Pharmaceutical Grade Product Picture
 Figure 7. Cosmetic Grade Product Picture
 Figure 8. Industrial Grade Product Picture
 Figure 9. Global Xanthan Gum Sales (US$ Million) by Application (2020 & 2024 & 2031)
 Figure 10. Global Xanthan Gum Sales Market Share by Application in 2024 & 2031
 Figure 11. Food and Beverage Examples
 Figure 12. Petroleum Examples
 Figure 13. Pharmaceutical Examples
 Figure 14. Cosmetics Examples
 Figure 15. Others Examples
 Figure 16. Global Xanthan Gum Sales, (US$ Million), 2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
 Figure 17. Global Xanthan Gum Sales Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (US$ Million)
 Figure 18. Global Xanthan Gum Sales (MT) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
 Figure 19. Global Xanthan Gum Price Trends Growth Rate (2020-2031) & (USD/MT)
 Figure 20. Xanthan Gum Report Years Considered
 Figure 21. Global Market Xanthan Gum Market Size (US$ Million) by Region:2020 VS 2024 VS 2031
 Figure 22. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Market Share by Region: 2020 VS 2024
 Figure 23. North America Xanthan Gum Revenue (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
 Figure 24. North America Xanthan Gum Sales (MT) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
 Figure 25. Europe Xanthan Gum Revenue (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
 Figure 26. Europe Xanthan Gum Sales (MT) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
 Figure 27. China Xanthan Gum Revenue (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
 Figure 28. China Xanthan Gum Sales (MT) Growth Rate (2020-2031)
 Figure 29. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Share by Type (2020-2025)
 Figure 30. Global Xanthan Gum Sales Share by Type (2026-2031)
 Figure 31. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Share by Type (2026-2031)
 Figure 32. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Share by Application (2020-2025)
 Figure 33. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Growth Rate by Application in 2020 & 2024
 Figure 34. Global Xanthan Gum Sales Share by Application (2026-2031)
 Figure 35. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Share by Application (2026-2031)
 Figure 36. Global Xanthan Gum Sales Share by Company (2024)
 Figure 37. Global Xanthan Gum Revenue Share by Company (2024)
 Figure 38. Global 5 Largest Xanthan Gum Players Market Share by Revenue in Xanthan Gum: 2020 & 2024
 Figure 39. Xanthan Gum Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3): 2020 VS 2024
 Figure 40. Manufacturing Cost Structure of Xanthan Gum
 Figure 41. Manufacturing Process Analysis of Xanthan Gum
 Figure 42. Xanthan Gum Industrial Chain
 Figure 43. Channels of Distribution (Direct Vs Distribution)
 Figure 44. Distributors Profiles
 Figure 45. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
 Figure 46. Data Triangulation
 Figure 47. Key Executives Interviewed