Index
1 Reed Valve Market Overview
1.1 Product Definition
1.2 Reed Valve Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Reed Valve Market Value Growth Rate Analysis by Type 2023 VS 2030
1.2.2 Metal
1.2.3 Composite Material
1.3 Reed Valve Segment by Application
1.3.1 Global Reed Valve Market Value Growth Rate Analysis by Application: 2023 VS 2030
1.3.2 Motorcycle
1.3.3 Industry
1.3.4 Others
1.4 Global Market Growth Prospects
1.4.1 Global Reed Valve Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
1.4.2 Global Reed Valve Production Capacity Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
1.4.3 Global Reed Valve Production Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
1.4.4 Global Reed Valve Market Average Price Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
1.5 Assumptions and Limitations
2 Market Competition by Manufacturers
2.1 Global Reed Valve Production Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
2.2 Global Reed Valve Production Value Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
2.3 Global Key Players of Reed Valve, Industry Ranking, 2022 VS 2023 VS 2024
2.4 Global Reed Valve Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3)
2.5 Global Reed Valve Average Price by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
2.6 Global Key Manufacturers of Reed Valve, Manufacturing Base Distribution and Headquarters
2.7 Global Key Manufacturers of Reed Valve, Product Offered and Application
2.8 Global Key Manufacturers of Reed Valve, Date of Enter into This Industry
2.9 Reed Valve Market Competitive Situation and Trends
2.9.1 Reed Valve Market Concentration Rate
2.9.2 Global 5 and 10 Largest Reed Valve Players Market Share by Revenue
2.10 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
3 Reed Valve Production by Region
3.1 Global Reed Valve Production Value Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
3.2 Global Reed Valve Production Value by Region (2019-2030)
3.2.1 Global Reed Valve Production Value Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
3.2.2 Global Forecasted Production Value of Reed Valve by Region (2025-2030)
3.3 Global Reed Valve Production Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
3.4 Global Reed Valve Production by Region (2019-2030)
3.4.1 Global Reed Valve Production Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
3.4.2 Global Forecasted Production of Reed Valve by Region (2025-2030)
3.5 Global Reed Valve Market Price Analysis by Region (2019-2024)
3.6 Global Reed Valve Production and Value, Year-over-Year Growth
3.6.1 North America Reed Valve Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
3.6.2 Europe Reed Valve Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
3.6.3 China Reed Valve Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
3.6.4 Japan Reed Valve Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2019-2030)
4 Reed Valve Consumption by Region
4.1 Global Reed Valve Consumption Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
4.2 Global Reed Valve Consumption by Region (2019-2030)
4.2.1 Global Reed Valve Consumption by Region (2019-2024)
4.2.2 Global Reed Valve Forecasted Consumption by Region (2025-2030)
4.3 North America
4.3.1 North America Reed Valve Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
4.3.2 North America Reed Valve Consumption by Country (2019-2030)
4.3.3 United States
4.3.4 Canada
4.4 Europe
4.4.1 Europe Reed Valve Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
4.4.2 Europe Reed Valve Consumption by Country (2019-2030)
4.4.3 Germany
4.4.4 France
4.4.5 U.K.
4.4.6 Italy
4.4.7 Russia
4.5 Asia Pacific
4.5.1 Asia Pacific Reed Valve Consumption Growth Rate by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
4.5.2 Asia Pacific Reed Valve Consumption by Region (2019-2030)
4.5.3 China
4.5.4 Japan
4.5.5 South Korea
4.5.6 China Taiwan
4.5.7 Southeast Asia
4.5.8 India
4.6 Latin America, Middle East & Africa
4.6.1 Latin America, Middle East & Africa Reed Valve Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
4.6.2 Latin America, Middle East & Africa Reed Valve Consumption by Country (2019-2030)
4.6.3 Mexico
4.6.4 Brazil
4.6.5 Turkey
5 Segment by Type
5.1 Global Reed Valve Production by Type (2019-2030)
5.1.1 Global Reed Valve Production by Type (2019-2024)
5.1.2 Global Reed Valve Production by Type (2025-2030)
5.1.3 Global Reed Valve Production Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
5.2 Global Reed Valve Production Value by Type (2019-2030)
5.2.1 Global Reed Valve Production Value by Type (2019-2024)
5.2.2 Global Reed Valve Production Value by Type (2025-2030)
5.2.3 Global Reed Valve Production Value Market Share by Type (2019-2030)
5.3 Global Reed Valve Price by Type (2019-2030)
6 Segment by Application
6.1 Global Reed Valve Production by Application (2019-2030)
6.1.1 Global Reed Valve Production by Application (2019-2024)
6.1.2 Global Reed Valve Production by Application (2025-2030)
6.1.3 Global Reed Valve Production Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
6.2 Global Reed Valve Production Value by Application (2019-2030)
6.2.1 Global Reed Valve Production Value by Application (2019-2024)
6.2.2 Global Reed Valve Production Value by Application (2025-2030)
6.2.3 Global Reed Valve Production Value Market Share by Application (2019-2030)
6.3 Global Reed Valve Price by Application (2019-2030)
7 Key Companies Profiled
7.1 CRP Group
7.1.1 CRP Group Reed Valve Corporation Information
7.1.2 CRP Group Reed Valve Product Portfolio
7.1.3 CRP Group Reed Valve Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
7.1.4 CRP Group Main Business and Markets Served
7.1.5 CRP Group Recent Developments/Updates
7.2 ATHENA
7.2.1 ATHENA Reed Valve Corporation Information
7.2.2 ATHENA Reed Valve Product Portfolio
7.2.3 ATHENA Reed Valve Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
7.2.4 ATHENA Main Business and Markets Served
7.2.5 ATHENA Recent Developments/Updates
7.3 Hoerbiger
7.3.1 Hoerbiger Reed Valve Corporation Information
7.3.2 Hoerbiger Reed Valve Product Portfolio
7.3.3 Hoerbiger Reed Valve Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
7.3.4 Hoerbiger Main Business and Markets Served
7.3.5 Hoerbiger Recent Developments/Updates
7.4 Adige
7.4.1 Adige Reed Valve Corporation Information
7.4.2 Adige Reed Valve Product Portfolio
7.4.3 Adige Reed Valve Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
7.4.4 Adige Main Business and Markets Served
7.4.5 Adige Recent Developments/Updates
7.5 Kimpex
7.5.1 Kimpex Reed Valve Corporation Information
7.5.2 Kimpex Reed Valve Product Portfolio
7.5.3 Kimpex Reed Valve Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
7.5.4 Kimpex Main Business and Markets Served
7.5.5 Kimpex Recent Developments/Updates
7.6 Motocross
7.6.1 Motocross Reed Valve Corporation Information
7.6.2 Motocross Reed Valve Product Portfolio
7.6.3 Motocross Reed Valve Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
7.6.4 Motocross Main Business and Markets Served
7.6.5 Motocross Recent Developments/Updates
7.7 Moto Tassinari
7.7.1 Moto Tassinari Reed Valve Corporation Information
7.7.2 Moto Tassinari Reed Valve Product Portfolio
7.7.3 Moto Tassinari Reed Valve Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
7.7.4 Moto Tassinari Main Business and Markets Served
7.7.5 Moto Tassinari Recent Developments/Updates
7.8 Jetsurf
7.8.1 Jetsurf Reed Valve Corporation Information
7.8.2 Jetsurf Reed Valve Product Portfolio
7.8.3 Jetsurf Reed Valve Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
7.8.4 Jetsurf Main Business and Markets Served
7.7.5 Jetsurf Recent Developments/Updates
7.9 RevZilla
7.9.1 RevZilla Reed Valve Corporation Information
7.9.2 RevZilla Reed Valve Product Portfolio
7.9.3 RevZilla Reed Valve Production, Value, Price and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
7.9.4 RevZilla Main Business and Markets Served
7.9.5 RevZilla Recent Developments/Updates
8 Industry Chain and Sales Channels Analysis
8.1 Reed Valve Industry Chain Analysis
8.2 Reed Valve Key Raw Materials
8.2.1 Key Raw Materials
8.2.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
8.3 Reed Valve Production Mode & Process
8.4 Reed Valve Sales and Marketing
8.4.1 Reed Valve Sales Channels
8.4.2 Reed Valve Distributors
8.5 Reed Valve Customers
9 Reed Valve Market Dynamics
9.1 Reed Valve Industry Trends
9.2 Reed Valve Market Drivers
9.3 Reed Valve Market Challenges
9.4 Reed Valve Market Restraints
10 Research Finding and Conclusion
11 Methodology and Data Source
11.1 Methodology/Research Approach
11.1.1 Research Programs/Design
11.1.2 Market Size Estimation
11.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
11.2 Data Source
11.2.1 Secondary Sources
11.2.2 Primary Sources
11.3 Author List
11.4 Disclaimer
List of Tables
List of Tables
Table 1. Global Reed Valve Market Value by Type, (US$ Million) & (2023 VS 2030)
Table 2. Global Reed Valve Market Value by Application, (US$ Million) & (2023 VS 2030)
Table 3. Global Reed Valve Production Capacity (K Units) by Manufacturers in 2023
Table 4. Global Reed Valve Production by Manufacturers (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 5. Global Reed Valve Production Market Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 6. Global Reed Valve Production Value by Manufacturers (2019-2024) & (US$ Million)
Table 7. Global Reed Valve Production Value Share by Manufacturers (2019-2024)
Table 8. Global Reed Valve Industry Ranking 2022 VS 2023 VS 2024
Table 9. Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3) & (based on the Revenue in Reed Valve as of 2023)
Table 10. Global Market Reed Valve Average Price by Manufacturers (US$/Unit) & (2019-2024)
Table 11. Manufacturers Reed Valve Production Sites and Area Served
Table 12. Manufacturers Reed Valve Product Types
Table 13. Global Reed Valve Manufacturers Market Concentration Ratio (CR5 and HHI)
Table 14. Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
Table 15. Global Reed Valve Production Value by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Table 16. Global Reed Valve Production Value (US$ Million) by Region (2019-2024)
Table 17. Global Reed Valve Production Value Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 18. Global Reed Valve Production Value (US$ Million) Forecast by Region (2025-2030)
Table 19. Global Reed Valve Production Value Market Share Forecast by Region (2025-2030)
Table 20. Global Reed Valve Production Comparison by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (K Units)
Table 21. Global Reed Valve Production (K Units) by Region (2019-2024)
Table 22. Global Reed Valve Production Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 23. Global Reed Valve Production (K Units) Forecast by Region (2025-2030)
Table 24. Global Reed Valve Production Market Share Forecast by Region (2025-2030)
Table 25. Global Reed Valve Market Average Price (US$/Unit) by Region (2019-2024)
Table 26. Global Reed Valve Market Average Price (US$/Unit) by Region (2025-2030)
Table 27. Global Reed Valve Consumption Growth Rate by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (K Units)
Table 28. Global Reed Valve Consumption by Region (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 29. Global Reed Valve Consumption Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 30. Global Reed Valve Forecasted Consumption by Region (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 31. Global Reed Valve Forecasted Consumption Market Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table 32. North America Reed Valve Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (K Units)
Table 33. North America Reed Valve Consumption by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 34. North America Reed Valve Consumption by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 35. Europe Reed Valve Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (K Units)
Table 36. Europe Reed Valve Consumption by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 37. Europe Reed Valve Consumption by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 38. Asia Pacific Reed Valve Consumption Growth Rate by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (K Units)
Table 39. Asia Pacific Reed Valve Consumption by Region (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 40. Asia Pacific Reed Valve Consumption by Region (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 41. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Reed Valve Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (K Units)
Table 42. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Reed Valve Consumption by Country (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Table 43. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Reed Valve Consumption by Country (2025-2030) & (K Units)
Table 44. Global Reed Valve Production (K Units) by Type (2019-2024)
Table 45. Global Reed Valve Production (K Units) by Type (2025-2030)
Table 46. Global Reed Valve Production Market Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 47. Global Reed Valve Production Market Share by Type (2025-2030)
Table 48. Global Reed Valve Production Value (US$ Million) by Type (2019-2024)
Table 49. Global Reed Valve Production Value (US$ Million) by Type (2025-2030)
Table 50. Global Reed Valve Production Value Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table 51. Global Reed Valve Production Value Share by Type (2025-2030)
Table 52. Global Reed Valve Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2019-2024)
Table 53. Global Reed Valve Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2025-2030)
Table 54. Global Reed Valve Production (K Units) by Application (2019-2024)
Table 55. Global Reed Valve Production (K Units) by Application (2025-2030)
Table 56. Global Reed Valve Production Market Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 57. Global Reed Valve Production Market Share by Application (2025-2030)
Table 58. Global Reed Valve Production Value (US$ Million) by Application (2019-2024)
Table 59. Global Reed Valve Production Value (US$ Million) by Application (2025-2030)
Table 60. Global Reed Valve Production Value Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table 61. Global Reed Valve Production Value Share by Application (2025-2030)
Table 62. Global Reed Valve Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2019-2024)
Table 63. Global Reed Valve Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2025-2030)
Table 64. CRP Group Reed Valve Corporation Information
Table 65. CRP Group Specification and Application
Table 66. CRP Group Reed Valve Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 67. CRP Group Main Business and Markets Served
Table 68. CRP Group Recent Developments/Updates
Table 69. ATHENA Reed Valve Corporation Information
Table 70. ATHENA Specification and Application
Table 71. ATHENA Reed Valve Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 72. ATHENA Main Business and Markets Served
Table 73. ATHENA Recent Developments/Updates
Table 74. Hoerbiger Reed Valve Corporation Information
Table 75. Hoerbiger Specification and Application
Table 76. Hoerbiger Reed Valve Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 77. Hoerbiger Main Business and Markets Served
Table 78. Hoerbiger Recent Developments/Updates
Table 79. Adige Reed Valve Corporation Information
Table 80. Adige Specification and Application
Table 81. Adige Reed Valve Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 82. Adige Main Business and Markets Served
Table 83. Adige Recent Developments/Updates
Table 84. Kimpex Reed Valve Corporation Information
Table 85. Kimpex Specification and Application
Table 86. Kimpex Reed Valve Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 87. Kimpex Main Business and Markets Served
Table 88. Kimpex Recent Developments/Updates
Table 89. Motocross Reed Valve Corporation Information
Table 90. Motocross Specification and Application
Table 91. Motocross Reed Valve Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 92. Motocross Main Business and Markets Served
Table 93. Motocross Recent Developments/Updates
Table 94. Moto Tassinari Reed Valve Corporation Information
Table 95. Moto Tassinari Specification and Application
Table 96. Moto Tassinari Reed Valve Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 97. Moto Tassinari Main Business and Markets Served
Table 98. Moto Tassinari Recent Developments/Updates
Table 99. Jetsurf Reed Valve Corporation Information
Table 100. Jetsurf Specification and Application
Table 101. Jetsurf Reed Valve Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 102. Jetsurf Main Business and Markets Served
Table 103. Jetsurf Recent Developments/Updates
Table 104. RevZilla Reed Valve Corporation Information
Table 105. RevZilla Specification and Application
Table 106. RevZilla Reed Valve Production (K Units), Value (US$ Million), Price (US$/Unit) and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
Table 107. RevZilla Main Business and Markets Served
Table 108. RevZilla Recent Developments/Updates
Table 109. Key Raw Materials Lists
Table 110. Raw Materials Key Suppliers Lists
Table 111. Reed Valve Distributors List
Table 112. Reed Valve Customers List
Table 113. Reed Valve Market Trends
Table 114. Reed Valve Market Drivers
Table 115. Reed Valve Market Challenges
Table 116. Reed Valve Market Restraints
Table 117. Research Programs/Design for This Report
Table 118. Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table 119. Key Data Information from Primary Sources
List of Figures
Figure 1. Product Picture of Reed Valve
Figure 2. Global Reed Valve Market Value by Type, (US$ Million) & (2023 VS 2030)
Figure 3. Global Reed Valve Market Share by Type: 2023 VS 2030
Figure 4. Metal Product Picture
Figure 5. Composite Material Product Picture
Figure 6. Global Reed Valve Market Value by Application, (US$ Million) & (2023 VS 2030)
Figure 7. Global Reed Valve Market Share by Application: 2023 VS 2030
Figure 8. Motorcycle
Figure 9. Industry
Figure 10. Others
Figure 11. Global Reed Valve Production Value (US$ Million), 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Figure 12. Global Reed Valve Production Value (US$ Million) & (2019-2030)
Figure 13. Global Reed Valve Production (K Units) & (2019-2030)
Figure 14. Global Reed Valve Average Price (US$/Unit) & (2019-2030)
Figure 15. Reed Valve Report Years Considered
Figure 16. Reed Valve Production Share by Manufacturers in 2023
Figure 17. Reed Valve Market Share by Company Type (Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3): 2019 VS 2023
Figure 18. The Global 5 and 10 Largest Players: Market Share by Reed Valve Revenue in 2023
Figure 19. Global Reed Valve Production Value by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (US$ Million)
Figure 20. Global Reed Valve Production Value Market Share by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Figure 21. Global Reed Valve Production Comparison by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (K Units)
Figure 22. Global Reed Valve Production Market Share by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Figure 23. North America Reed Valve Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2019-2030)
Figure 24. Europe Reed Valve Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2019-2030)
Figure 25. China Reed Valve Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2019-2030)
Figure 26. Japan Reed Valve Production Value (US$ Million) Growth Rate (2019-2030)
Figure 27. Global Reed Valve Consumption by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030 (K Units)
Figure 28. Global Reed Valve Consumption Market Share by Region: 2019 VS 2023 VS 2030
Figure 29. North America Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 30. North America Reed Valve Consumption Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 31. Canada Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 32. U.S. Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 33. Europe Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 34. Europe Reed Valve Consumption Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 35. Germany Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 36. France Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 37. U.K. Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 38. Italy Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 39. Russia Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 40. Asia Pacific Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 41. Asia Pacific Reed Valve Consumption Market Share by Regions (2019-2030)
Figure 42. China Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 43. Japan Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 44. South Korea Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 45. China Taiwan Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 46. Southeast Asia Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 47. India Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 48. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 49. Latin America, Middle East & Africa Reed Valve Consumption Market Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure 50. Mexico Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 51. Brazil Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 52. Turkey Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 53. GCC Countries Reed Valve Consumption and Growth Rate (2019-2024) & (K Units)
Figure 54. Global Production Market Share of Reed Valve by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 55. Global Production Value Market Share of Reed Valve by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 56. Global Reed Valve Price (US$/Unit) by Type (2019-2030)
Figure 57. Global Production Market Share of Reed Valve by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 58. Global Production Value Market Share of Reed Valve by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 59. Global Reed Valve Price (US$/Unit) by Application (2019-2030)
Figure 60. Reed Valve Value Chain
Figure 61. Reed Valve Production Process
Figure 62. Channels of Distribution (Direct Vs Distribution)
Figure 63. Distributors Profiles
Figure 64. Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure 65. Data Triangulation